Oil burner



A. R. BAKER Oct. 25, 1927,

OIL BURNER Filed June 10, 1926 2 Shets-Shqet 1 Illlllll l 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 OIL BURNER Filed June 10. 1926 A. R. BAKER VII/III/lI/lI/IIIIIII Z M M? A d A Figure 5, and

Patented Oct. 25 1927.

RTH R'R. BAKER, OF'INDIANAPOLIS', INDIAN ssrenoia To In; T, swlia'rz, 0F

meats? mnIenAroLIs, ,IATDIA' A. [i

oIi. avenue.

application meanin n, 1926; Serial No. 115 1 v solid fuels, but also adapted to be used in' furnaces especially designed for burning oil or other" liquidfuel; I

An object of the invention 1 is to provide an improved atomizing nozzle aridsiinple and 'efiectivle eansioisupplying said 1102- 7 21's with fuel and air, 'all' as will be hereinafter more fully describ'edand claimed,

Referring to the accompanying drawings,

which are made a part hereof and on which similarreference characters indicatesiniilar parts;

Figure 1 is a side elevationshowing the principal parts of my invention,

F igure 2, an end ,elevation,

Figure 3; a top plan'vi-ew of the burner,

' Figure 4, a side elevation of the burner partly in section, I 4

, Figure 5, a fragmentary vertical section through the burner, v

FigureG, a section on the line 6-6"ol Figure 7, a diagrammatic view. In the drawings reference character 10 indicates a furnace whichinay be of any desired and appropriate construction, '11 a closure plate for theturnace opening; and 12 a burner mounted on sa d closure plate; The

' vclosure plate 11 is preferably constructed of fire-proof materialvsuch as compressed asbestos 'and is held in pos-ition by any desired means as for example bolts 13' having tending 'ce ntra1ly through the plate 11.,

Said burner comprises ahody 16 provided with centrally located bore, and with a flange 17 at its forwardend for 'enga'geii ent with the plate llf A shell 18'. preferably or brass, extends axially through'the cylindrical bore of saidbodya nd is provided with threads at its outer or jright -hand'end' (as shown in Figure 5) engaging internal threads onthe body for securing the shell I in place. Said. shell is; provided with cylindrical intermediate portion 1 out I away at'20 on one end and a reduced cylindrical portion extending from" said out awayflportion to thefend of the'shell. The arcuate sections; of the shell between the cutaway portions snugly engage'the interior; of a cap or no'zjzle'l 9 tlireadediin theinnerend of thebody and said reduced cylindrical vend portion of the shell is held 'by said 'arcuate portions in slightly spaced concen trio relation to a flange: 21 on said nozzle.

The body otlthe burneris also prov'ided w th a passage 22foradinitting'v air into the cyl ndrical bore aroundthe shell 18 and the structure is suchthat air may pass along- I thecutawayflsurfaces' of the s'hell'fand 7O 1 flange 21- of thenoz'zle 19. A'sec'ond dis- 7 charge passage 23 forms communication with between the reduced 'end'of the shell and the the space around the shell and a passage 24 which extends from said passage 23 through theflange 17 'A valve 25 is' providedzfor varying the size of the opening between the passages 23 and 2 1', 's aidavalve 'heingthread fed'in'to the casing-and having a ,locknut 26 for'securing it'in fixed posit-ion The pure a I pose of said passages 23 and 241 is to bypass,

air to reduce the pressureof the air'passing through the device and the valve 25c0ntrol's the degree of reduction of said -pressure.

The; outer endof the shell 18 is piiovided with an enlarged opening 27 threaded-for duced p'o'rtion31 forming anannular passage around the 'saine and one or more open portion and I the interior "oft 'the"scre'w'-p'lug for admitting' -'fuel from the pipe 30 through said passages to the hollowinteriorof. the

wing 'nut3 4 is-provided forflocking the lve in various positions'oi' adjustment for the reception of a screw'plug 28 whichsupports the collar '29, [of a fuel supply pipe 30, between its head and the head of they -shell'abutting against 'the' body 16'. The 1 varying the space between the end of the shell 18 and'the conical end of the valve. lVhen thevalve is locked in adjusted position the nut 28 carrying the valve stem 33 may be removed and the parts cleaned and replaced with the valve 'in the same position as it was before being removed. 1 The valve stem is provided adjacent the valve head with .a cylindrical portion cut away at 35 to provide passages for oil therethrough the arcuate portions beingadapted to maintain i it in central position relative to thebore of theshell 18 and said valve head being of a size to snugly engage the inner wall of'the shell so that it maybe adjusted but 1s 1ncapable of being distorted by said ad ustment. With-a valve of this character when the same is adjust-ed'to permit the greatest amount'of oil-to flow therethrough movement of Said Valve in axial direction will decrease the'su-pply of oil through the shell "structed ofa flat disk that would seat against the end of and close the openingin theshell 18, as will be readily understood. Liquid fuel-is suppliedto the interior of the shell 'intothe nozzle t hrough;pipe' 30 and v through the passages 32. The passage of the air under pressure through the nozzle creates a suction through the shell and the liquid is sucked out and atomized so that it is very fineand highly im'flammable. It will be seen that the air passes man annular stream through and out ofthe nozzle and oil willbe sucked in a smaller annularstr'eam I 7 through the opening around the valve head on account of the creation-of a vacuum pocket at the end ofvthe nozzle in front of the end. of the valve. and an. occurs enter The mixing of the oil y without/the nozzle causing all the oil. burned to be consumedin suspension andsince the ring of air completely surronndsthe ring of oil drawn from the nozzle no oilican drip from said nozzle and lie-wasted. Of11 account=of thesuctiou ofthe airf'req-uired for drawing the fuel through the nozzleno fuel will pass through until the air has'begunltoi flow theretln'ough. I have also found that 1 obtain a quieter "combustion by forcing a non-combustible 7 gas such as carbon dioxide instead of air for atomizing the oil and obviously any such gas 'may be used, however since carbon dioxide is heaver than'air it wlll break up the 011 into finer particlesand prevent the uniting of, air

' with the sprayed fuel until such sprayed fuel-has'reached a point of lowered velocity whereupon the point ofcombustion or the point at which the fuel is ignited will be spaced at a distance from the nozzle and therefore result in a considerable reduction of the flame noise on account of thereduced velocity of the mixture at the point where combustion occurs.

A pipe 30 extends downwardly into a reservoir 36, formed in the casing for the burner body, said reservoir is provided with pipes 37 and 38 through which oil under pressure may flow into the reservoir 36 and that oilgwillbe taken in by ,means'of suction to the pump and will be force'd'from the pump through the pipe 37 to the reservoir 12 from whence the oil which is not consumed may. pass by means of the pipe 37 back to the pump 39 and from said pump excess oil will;

pass through the return pipe 42 to the supply tank 40. The pump here used is a three gear, pump, the gears acting" as rotary pistons and performing the dual function of supplying thereservoir 12 with fuel from v the tank 4-0 and for returning excess fuel.

from. said reservoir to said tank, said pump being descr bed in my copending application filed June 9,1926. v a V j L a f V The pump 39 may he operatedby any desired means, however, in the present instance 1 have provided a compressor 413 having a ease A l and having; a filler, and breather opening 41-5 through which air passes during the operation of thecompressor said compressor having a. shaftflto one end of which the pump is operatively connected and to the otherend of which is attached a fly wl'ieel pulley 4:6 dri enby means of a belt 47 em a pulley 'l8'mounted on the Sl'lfiftiOljl the motor '19. A 'tanlrGQ is kept lillcd with compressed air by means of the ronua. sor through a connection 63 and the pipe which has one end extending into the air passage into the lu rner has its other nd connected with said? compressed nir' tank. i

An idler pulley 5O issupported on a bar 51 which is slidably mounted in an opening in the motor base plate 52 and adapted to be securedin' various adjusted positions by means of a set screw 53. A junction box 5 1 is mounted on the motor base plate 52 closely adjacent the side of the motori-said junction box is provided with a thermal cutout 55 for breaking the circuit through the motor and"stoppingthe operation of the pumpupon the failure of the atomized fuel to be ignited and heat a thermostat to'cau'se the same to operatea'switchto cause the current control to flow through a d flerentline. As shown'in Figure 2 the burner 12 is provided with: a cap or cover'56 haying formed iiitegral therewitli'a bracket 57 for supporting'a housing 58' for a'mercury' ing from becoming entangled in the fly wheel pulley of the compressor or in the belt which extends around the same and the pulley of the motor; covers a number of working parts of the device as well asperfor'ining its primary func tion or preventing objects from becoming entangled in the n'oying parts of the device,

In the operation of the device current flows from' one side of thepower l1nel65 through a room thermostat T5, and through a line 76 unction boX 54, and directly through line77 to one side of'the motor 49 and current is sup 'vliedf-from the other side of the power line 66 1tl1ro'ughthe junction box 54 and thelinel67 to the intermediate pole of the mercury; switch 59. Said mercury switch beingflin the position shown current will flow from the intermediate pole of the switch, through the pole 68 at the depressed left-end, through the line 69, thermalcut out 7 and line '78 to the opposite sideof the motorand cause the same to operate the compressor 43 and the pump 39 for supplying oil tozthc burner 12 through the pipe 37' and air to the burner through the pipe 22. The atomized fuel sprayed through the nozzle may be'ignited by any suitablede'vi'cenot shown and upon the ignition ot-saidatomized fuel heat will be reflected upon; the thermostat which will-cause the mercury switch 59 to tilt to its other position opening the circuit through the one end "and closing thecircuit through the opposite end whereupon the current will-flow :trointhe power line through the room thermostat 7 5 and lines 76 and 77 directly to one side of the motor-and through the other power side of the m'otorwithout flowingthrough the therinalcut out. In case theatomized vfuel does not ignite withinthe furnace, so

thatheat will reflect on the thermostat to cause the same to shift the mercury switch, current tlowlng will cause said thermal cutout to 'blow 1 and thus open a circuit through theaiiotoiia'nd stop the operation of the "compressor and "the The guard o l also" continually(through the thermalciit-out for a certain period of time j j tween'said inlet-and outletpas'sageswhereby puinp wlier'eupo jitwilt be necessary to re- I place or ad-ju'st'thethermal'cuflout before it will again operate.-

i It warts obvious to-thoses'killed in the art that various'changcs may. be made in my device without departing from the spirit of the invention"anditherefore I donot limit myself to what is shown in the-drawings and described in the specification but only as in cheated-in the appended claims." c v Having thus fully described" my said invention; what liclaim' as new. anddesire t0 secure by Letters Patent, isz,"

' 1. An oil burnercomprising' abody havin'ga cylindrical opening therethrough, a, fuel well adjacent the inner end of" said cylindrical opening, a screw plug forming a nozzle disposed in the outer end 'otsaid openingfaflscrei'v" plug in the inner 'endxof said passage, a hollow plug threaded into said lastmentioned plug and having-an an nular' channel around the same and a passage throug'l'i the wallet said" plug connecting said channel with the hollow interio rf-ofpt-he plug, a ring for'closing said annular channeh a tubethreaded throughsaidring and hav'lng'its outer end terminating in slightly spaced relation fr'oin'the bottom of the fuel *well, inlet andoutle t passages; in the said luel well and a: reticulated screen disposed between said inlet and outlet passages'where5 i stantiallyfas set forth.

' 2. An oilburner comprising a may hay:

ing a'cyl indrical opening therethrougln'afuel well adjacentthe inner endof said cylindrical i open1ng,-asc'rew'plug formlnganozzl'e dis-- 1 10 posed iir'the outer endof said .opening, a

'screw-plug'in the, inner end of the opening a reduced extension projecting haying through the openingand terminating, in the screw plug at the opposite endio tthefopen- Y 111g forming an air passage around said extension means fori n ectlng air-into said.

passage, hollow plug threaded into said last mentioned plug and having an" annular channel around the-same and a passage through the'walli of said plug"; connecting said channel with the hollow interior ofthe"v plug. a ring for closing said an'nularchan' nel a tube threaded through said ring and having its outer end "terminating" in slightly spaced relation'from -the bott-om of the fuel well inlet' -and outlet' passages in the said fuel well, areticula'ted screen *disposed'be-w;

fuelinay' besu cked ':tr'om-said :fuel well fhlfolielfseid' bellow shell by 'the new, of

may

the compressed air around said shell, and a valve for controlling the discharge of fuel "from said shell, said valvebeing adjustably mounted-in said hollow plug, substantially as set forth. v s An;oil burner comprising .a body hav- 'ing a cylindrical opening therethrough, a

fuel well adjacent the inner end of said cylindrical opening, a screw plug forming a nozzle d sposed in the outer end of said opening, a screw plugv in; the inner end of the 611111 havin a reduced extension ro- I u i D b n i u I 'JQCtlIlg through the opening and termlnating in the screw plug at the, opposite end of the opening and forming an air passage around said extension, means for 1n ect1ng air into said passage, a hollow plug threaded into said last mentioned plug andhaving an annular channel around the samev and a passagethrough the wall of said-plug connect ing said channel with the hollow interior of the plug, a ring for. closing sa1d annular channel, a tube threaded through said ring "and having its outer end terminating in slightly spaced lrelationfrom the bottom of the. fuel well, inlet and outlet passages in the said fuel well, a-reticulated screen disposed between. said inlet andoutletpassageswhereby fuel may be sucked from said fuel well through said hollow shell by. the action of the compressed air around sai'dshell, a

valve'- for controlling the discharge of fuel from said shell, saidvalvebeing adjustably .mount'ed in said hollow plug, and a bleeder passage for ,reducingthe pressure of the air about said shell, substantially as set forth.

4. An oil burnercomprising a body having a'cylin dr'ical opening therethrough, a fuel well adjacent the inner .end of said cylindrical opening, a screw plugforming a nozzle disposed inthe outer end of said opening, a screw plugin the innerend of the o eninmhavin a reduced extension ro'ectb O a ing throughi the opening and. terminating in through'the. wall of said plug connecting said channel with-the hollow interior of the plug, a ring for closing said annular channel, a tube threaded through said ring. and havingits outer end terminating in slightly spaced relation from the bottom o-f the fuel 'w'ell, inlet/and outlet passages in thes-aid fuel well,a reticulated screen disposed between said inlet and outlet passages whereby fuel may be sucked from saidn fuel well through said. hollow shell by the action of the compressed airaround said shell, avalve for controlling the discharges-of fuel from said shell, said valve being, adjustably mounted in said hollow plug, a bleeder, pasin the screwplug at the opposite end of the opening and forming an air passage around said extension, means for 1n]ect1ng air into said 1 passage, a hollow plug threaded into said last mentioned plug and having an annular channel around the same and apassage through the wall of said plug connecting sald channel with the hollow interior of the plug,

a ring for closing said annular channel, a tube threaded through said ring and having its outer end terminating in slightly spaced relation from the bottom of'the fuel well, inlet and outlet passages in the said fuel well, a reticulated screen disposed'betw'een said'inlet and outlet passageswhereby fuel maybe sucked from said fuel well through said hollow shell by the action of the-compressed air around said shell,- a valve for controlhngthe discharge of fuelfrom said shell, said valve being a-diustablv mounted in a said hollow plug, a bleeder passage for reducing the pressure of the air about said shell, a valve for said bleeder passage, the

plug at the outer end of the cylindrical opening having an internal flange terminat mg in spaced relation from the reduced end of the shell and said shell having portions engaging the inner end of said hollow plug for holding the same in proper centered re lation, substantially as set forth. a v a 16., An oil burner comprising a body having an opening therethrough, a fuel well ad jacent the inner end of said opening, a-nozzle in the outer end of said opening, a plug in the inner end of the opening having an extension disposed longitudinally within the opening and terminating in the nozzle and forming an air passage'a-round, said extension, an inletpa ssage for admitting air into saidair passage, a hollow plugin said last mentioned plug and having a channel therein, anda passage through the wall of-the plug connecting the channel with the hollow 1nter1or of the plug, a member for closing loo said; channel, a tube extending through said 7 member and having its outer end terminat 'ing in the fuel well, and inlet and outlet passages for the fuel well, substantially as set forth. I v 7,. An oi'lburner comprising a jacent the inner end of said opening,;a noz- 7 a body hav 7 mg an opening therethrough', a fuelwell a'd- 10 ing said channel, a tube extending through said member and having its outer end ternuinating in the fuel Well, inlet and outlet passages for the fuel ell, and means for controlling the discharge of fuel from said body, substantially as setforth.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Indianapolis, Indiana this 28th day of May, A. D. nineteen hundred and twenty-six. I v

ARTHUR R; BAKER. 

